Problem of Evil

principle

The existence of evil creates an impossible trilemma: God cannot remain simultaneously all-knowing, all-powerful, and wholly good unless at least one attribute—or the meaning of evil—is revised.

Put evil beside the classical God and one corner of the picture buckles: a being who knows every harm, can prevent every harm, and wills only good should leave no evil unexplained.

E1

The attribute collision

The contradiction is produced by three linked claims. Omniscience removes ignorance as an excuse; omnipotence removes inability; perfect goodness removes indifference. Evil therefore forces a choice: limit one attribute, reinterpret it, or supply an account of why allowing suffering is compatible with goodness. This matters especially when a powerful shared deity functions as social infrastructure, because revising the theology can also disturb the coordination built around it.

E1

A diagnostic, not a disproof

The trilemma exposes pressure among particular definitions; by itself, it does not establish which premise must yield. Traditions can redefine power, knowledge, goodness, freedom, or evil. When those attributes are protected by sacredness, however, examining the trade-off may be treated as betrayal rather than argument—turning sacred commitment into an anti-deliberation device.

E1

Episodes that teach this